Oedipus Rex Fate V. Free Will Essays - Operas, Oedipus, Sophocles

Oedipus Rex: Fate V. Choice Oedipus' unfaltering want to reveal reality with regards to Laius' homicide and the puzzle encompassing his own introduction to the world, drove him to the sad acknowledgment of his terrible deeds. Teiresias, Jocasta, and the herder attempted to prevent him from seeking after reality. Take for instance a piece of the last discussion among Jocasta and Oedipus. In the wake of understanding that the prescience had worked out as expected, Jocasta implores him to release the riddle unsolved for once. No! By the divine beings, no; leave it on the off chance that you care for your own life. I endure. Tis enough. Oedipus answers, I can't yield my entitlement to know reality. He can't stop his mission for reality, considerably under his significant other's arguing. For it is in his own vain that he should fathom the last question of his own life. Toward the finish of this shocking story, when Oedipus gouges out his eyes, The occasions in Oedipus the King, composed by Sophocles, show a hidden relationship of man's unrestrained choice existing inside the enormous request or destiny that the Greeks accepted guided the universe. Man was allowed to pick and was at last considered answerable for his own activities. Both the ideas of destiny and through and through freedom had a necessary influence in Oedipus' annihilation. Despite the fact that he was a casualty of destiny, he was not constrained by it. Oedipus was ordained from birth to some time or another wed his mom and to kill his dad. This prescience as cautioned by the prophet of Apollo at Delphi was genuine and definitely would happen, regardless of what he may have done to evade it. His past activities were dictated by destiny, yet his experiences in Thebes were constrained willingly. From the earliest starting point of this disaster, Oedipus took numerous activities prompting his own ruin. He could have persevered through the plague, however out of sympathy for his enduring individuals, he had Creon go to Delphi. At the point when he learned of Apollo's statement, he could have tranquilly examined the homicide of the previous King Laius, yet in his hurriedness, he censures the killer, and in this way, unconsciously reviles himself. Tis an only energy for the reason for that killed man. What's more, right it is in me that ye will see me battling that cause for Phoebus and for Thebes. All together for Sophocles' play to be ordered as terrible, the deplorable saint needed to have a type of a blemish. The saints grievous blemishes are the characteristics, which at last lead to his destruction. Oedipus pride, numbness, impoliteness towards the divine beings, and unwavering journey for reality at last added to his annihilation. When Terrisias disclosed to Oedipus that he was answerable for the homicide of Laius, he got maddened and considers the old prophet a liar. He fled from his home in Corinth, in order to outsmart the divine beings celestial will. Like his dad, Oedipus additionally looked for approaches to get away from the terrible fate told by the prophet of Apollo. The chorale cautions us of man's have to have veneration for the divine beings, and the perils of an excessive amount of pride. Be that as it may, if a man track the methods of pomposity; dread not equity, respect not the divine beings revered; abhorrent take him! Ruin be the prize of his deadly pri de! the chorale asks him what god encouraged him to dazzle himself. Oedipus answered, Twas Apollo, companions, willed the insidiousness, willed, and carried the misery to pass! But the hand that struck was mine, mine as it were. He guaranteed full obligation regarding his activities. Oedipus was liable of murdering his dad and wedding his mom, however maybe the genuine sin lay in his enthusiastic endeavor to raise himself to the degree of the divine beings by attempting to get away from his destiny. At last Oedipus was decided for his pride in his successes encompassing Thebes. This judgment presented to him lost everything and an outcast from Thebes. Despite the fact that Oedipus was unconscious of the realities concerning the genuine idea of Laius and Jocasta, the degree of his wrongdoings were as yet pernicious. At the point when he removes his eyes Oedipus is tolerating the full weight of his demonstrations and realized that he should be rebuffed for his transgressions. Along these lines the last demonstration of demolition was brought about by Oedipus'

Memory and History in the Works of Michael Ondaatje :: Biography Biographies Essays

Memory and History in the Works of Michael Ondaatje In the Canadian social setting, the issue of character can be a loaded one, and the subject of being Canadian is famously clingy, especially given the wide assortment of social and social foundations asserted by Canadians and the heterogeneity of their own encounters. This paper manages the manners by which the Canadian author Michael Ondaatje works with issues of comprehension and getting to recollections and chronicles outside of one’s individual lived understanding. Ondaatje’s The English Patient opens with an epigraph separated from the minutes of a Geographical Society meeting in London in the mid nineteen-forties. It peruses: â€Å"Most of you, I am certain, recall the disastrous conditions of the passing of Geoffrey Clifton at Gilf Kebir, followed later by the vanishing of his better half, Katherine Clifton, which occurred during the 1939 desert endeavor looking for Zerzura. â€Å"I can't start this gathering today without alluding thoughtfully to those disastrous events. ‘The address this evening†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The entry presents various key topics in the content, and merits managing at some length. The main issue I need to analyze is the initial line. Memory is ostensibly the most significant issue affecting everything in this novel, and its situating here causes to notice its repetitive essentialness all through the content. The setting of its utilization is quite compelling. A later entry takes note of the mentality of unbiased objectivity, of logical separation, that invades the lectures’ setting, and the disquiet of the speakers as they battle to straighten out to the urban and urbane condition. ‘Someone will present the talk’, it notes, ‘and somebody will express gratefulness †¦ [t]he long periods of readiness and research and raising money are never referenced in these oak rooms †¦ misfortunes in outrageous warmth or windstorm are reported with negligible tribute. All human and money related conduct lies on the most distant side of the issue being examined †which is the earth’s surface and its â€Å"interesting geological problems†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (134). The strain between the unoriginal separation of the lecture’s air and the phrasing in the epigraph is one that works through a lot of Ondaatje’s work. That pressure is in the content that holds together two restricting powers †individual, lived memory, and social memory. Susan Sontag, in her ongoing book Regarding the Pain of Others, makes the to some degree petulant case that ‘there is nothing of the sort as aggregate memory †¦ all memory is individual, unreproducible †it passes on with every individual.

The Benefits of Being Adaptable

The Benefits of Being Adaptable Every invention or tool ever created by mankind to attain our current stage of development is possible due to one single outlying factor â€" Evolution.According to Biology, humans evolved at a rapid rate largely due to their overwhelming need to adapt and survive while dominating other species.Without adaptation, we’d still be living in caves with our trusty wooden clubs to hammer down prey.Today, adaptability continues to be a powerful driving force in creating inspiring leaders and successful organizations.At Cleverism, we’d like to demonstrate the importance of acquiring this valuable skillset â€" both personal and professionalWHY IS ADAPTABILITY SO IMPORTANT TO US?Life is a series of events that happen unexpectedly around us. Unlike a feature film, we aren’t informed of the circumstances that we end up in and each experience affects us either â€" positively or negatively.An adaptable mindset allows us to tackle uncertain life events and embrace the change that comes with it .When we’re adaptable, we create a barrier of resilience to control our emotions in an optimistic manner.For example â€" Imagine you’re out for a walk at night around your neighborhood. As you walk a few paces, the streetlights begin to flicker and completely blacken out, leaving you in pitch darkness. This situation can be spine-chilling and leave you open to physical assault or a fatal accident from an incoming vehicle. With the right presence of mind, you can adapt to save yourself with the following options â€"Use your smartphone to call and alert a nearby neighbor or family member to bring a flashlightUsing your smartphone’s inbuilt flashlight feature, navigate yourself out of the darkness If you’re near the highway, grab the attention of an oncoming car by waving your hands or calling out to them in hopes of receiving a lift.In this situation, you realize that your survival depended on navigating out of the darkness. Your clear-headedness to deal with the situation wit hout panic is considered adaptability.Adaptability lets you tackle challenges that seem impossible at first. Finding a solution to work things out in an unprepared scenario is a serious life skill that every human must arm themselves with.Adaptability can be the difference between life and death. 3 FAMOUS PERSONALITIES THAT DEMONSTRATE THE POWER OF ADAPTABILITYSuccess is synonymous with adaptation. It’s no wonder many celebrities are so flexible with their schedules and are often found at various venues throughout the globe at any given time.Successful people understand that to enjoy a life of fulfillment they must sacrifice their static lifestyle to shift themselves to a more dynamic approach.Here are 3 such prosperous individuals that have completely changed their careers and mindsets to enjoy a rewarding life.1. Ken Jeong (Actor, Physician, Comedian)Ken Jeong is a well-known name in the movie business, famed for ‘The Hangover’ franchise. But before he was known as the funny Asian man in modern sitcoms and movies, Ken Jeong was a practicing physician.That’s right â€" who’d ever think that your family doctor could become one of the leading men in prime-time comedy.Ken Jeong never had any ambitions for acting. According to his own words, he states â€" “I never performed theater in high school. I never wanted to be an actor.”What changed?Ken Jeong performed comedy skits to his colleagues over at Ochsner Medical Center as a hobby. With the positive response, Ken Jeong decided to evolve his craft and performed standup comedy at popular clubs. He discovered he had a natural ability to make people laugh and decided to try his gig in Hollywood.The rest is history.The transformation from a career in medicine to that of an award-winning comedian was possible due to Ken Jeong’s effortless adaptability.2. Arnold Schwarzenegger (Actor, Politician, Bodybuilder, Businessman)Undoubtedly, the most famous action hero for over 3 decades. Arnold Schwarzenegger i s arguably the world’s most adaptable celebrity.From a young age, Arnold had to deal with a tough life growing up in a war-stricken environment in Austria, during the 2nd world war.Arnold’s parents wanted him to follow in his father’s footsteps and become a police officer. But he had other long-term plans and decided to become a bodybuilder by sneaking out of the military camp that he was enlisted in.He’d travel long distances to participate in bodybuilding events and make it back without any of his superior officers finding out about his tryst for fitness.He eventually went on to become Mr. Olympia and dominated the international bodybuilding podium 7 more times.But Arnold wasn’t done yet. He decided to give acting a shot. During his initial auditions, many directors felt his last name was long and tough to pronounce. His accent was snubbed for being heavy and didn’t fit the ‘Hollywood’s leading man’ image.However, Arnold continued to audition until he got his big break as the famous ‘T-850’ â€" The futuristic cyborg in the ‘Terminator’ franchise. The heavy Austrian accent complimented his voice acting so much that he had become an overnight superstar.Arnold adapted and made his weaknesses his strengths and began an unforgettable journey to stardom. His long name became an instant hit in the households and his accent was emulated by many young actors for years to come.Arnold made his foray into politics and became the governor of California in 2003.Today, at the age of 72, he continues to juggle between his many roles and credits ‘Adaptability’ as his sole reason for success in various professions.3. Jared Leto (Actor, Musician, Angel Investor, Fashion Model)Jared Leto is a leading man in Hollywood that is known for his eccentric and quirky choices in Hollywood unlike traditional roles like his contemporaries.Because of his extremely versatile nature in acting and his ability to adapt to each role, he won himself an Oscar for the movie ‘Dallas Buyers Club’ for depicting transgender suffering from HIV.Apart from his adaptability in his acting roles, Jared invests his time as a musician. He’s the frontman and founder of the band â€" ‘Thirty Seconds to Mars’ along with his brother Shannon Leto. The band has won numerous music awards from MTV and other international music circuits.Jared Leto is known for his exquisite fashion sense and carved himself a niche as a popular fashion model walking the ramps for leading brands like Gucci.More recently, Jared Leto has utilized his inner creativity and entered the business world. Leto has invested in several startups such as Zenefits, The Hive, VyRT, and others.At the age of 42, where most people are still struggling to cope with a single career option, Jared Leto seems to conquer every profession that he infiltrates.His mantra to success in his own words is “I hate wasting time and I’m obsessed with efficiency”. Leto believes in creativity and continuo us change as an actor to avoid being typecast into the same role.BENEFITS OF ADAPTABILITY IN THE WORKPLACEWhen we refuse to embrace adaptability, we remain in the “Caterpillar” stage for the rest of our lives. We are slow, open to being squished by a giant boot, and we remain in the one shade of black forever.The world has metamorphosized and to survive we need to build our own cocoons and let our colorful wings fly us to new heights that were previously unattainable.Survival in the workplace uses the same philosophy Adaptability.Gone are days where work environments remained constant for decades. With the dawn of the information age, a new aspect called ‘Workplace Culture’ emerges.Workplace culture requires employees to work together to come to a solution or brainstorm new ideas with inner creativity to evoke the personality that your company will be known for.With workplace culture, adapting to change is no longer optional but a necessity.Job interviewers highlight the im portance of flexibility over-specialization when recruiting. Organizations are open to hiring individuals that are good at several roles over someone who’s efficient in just one area.Let’s breakdown the various adaptable factors that top companies look for in their candidates in the current professional world.1. Handling Workload PressureAre you able to perform overtime duties?Can you stay back late to finish your ongoing project?Are you prepared to forgo your weekend plans to ensure the company has a smooth launch?If your answer is No to the above questions, you’ll have a difficult time adjusting to the modern requirements of elite corporations.The ability to handle work pressure is a critical skill for organizations when recruiting. If you’re someone who’ll crash under pressure, consider yourself being laid off in the next downsizing period.However, if you pull together your disciplinary skills and make it past the storm, you’re rewarded with a host of benefits. Some o f which are.Being among the established batch of employees with a high payrollEnjoying a comfortable work-life balanceOpportunities for grand promotionsGateway to high-quality projectsAccess to high profile clientele2. Acceptance to TrendsLet’s face it, the world around us is changing with every passing minute.From the time you purchase your latest smartphone, the next upgrade to your device has already rolled out.This creates an increasingly fast-paced professional world with ever-increasing trends.If you or your organization have a difficult time accepting the new direction to evolve your products, you’ll be left behind.Customers are smarter and more decisive than before. Unless you’re on top of the food chain with the latest quality of life changes, expect to have a rat race at the bottom.There’s a reason successful companies like Apple and Microsoft continue to dominate their market for decades.Take Apple for example â€" Every latest version of the iPhone comes with a ne w feature such as â€" bezel-less screen, wireless ear pods, slimmer devices, non-heating pads, high-quality camera, etc.And Microsoft provided ‘Windows 10’ â€"  their latest operating system for free during launch. In the past, an operating system would cost a bomb, today, with rising trends and the need for adaptability, companies such as Microsoft have provided their product for free.Organizations aren’t afraid to experiment and risk more today than they did in the past.As an employee, it’s necessary to leave yourself open to new trends and take in the change without emotions altering your decision. New age employees are trained to accept change by the hour and are quick to respond to these challenges.The benefits for such employees include â€"Ability to quickly solve problems due to open-mindednessAn adaptive mind keeps you alert with the rapid changes to your companyHighly trained and responsive behaviorExtremely sought after by elite organizationsChanging trends equals expansive knowledge in the long-term3. Prioritize Important EventsWhen you’re adaptable, you’re naturally more decisive when it comes to the critical aspects of your professional life. Adaptive people are always looking to solve active problems instead of delving around the mistakes of the past.Adaptive people always take time to identify a “worst-case scenario” to any task they perform to avoid troubleshooting.Identifying with your priorities is key to a successful career.Let’s take a sample worksheet to demonstrate how to prioritize your daily events in a responsible and adaptive manner.The following worksheet lists 9 daily tasks that need to be completed in the order of high-to-low priority. The tasks are divided into 3 sections â€" Critical, Important, and Useful.Critical Ensure board members and senior faculty are notified of the presentation via email (9 a.m.) Prepare video presentation for Japanese business delegates (11 a.m.) Send out the advertising campaign idea to your marketing team (4 p.m.)Critical events must come with a time frame and should always be your main priority.Important Escalate all outstanding customer complaints to senior management Create a checklist on Excel of all milestones achieved in this month (requested by John Mason, Senior Manager) Schedule meetings via phone calls towards recent business prospects (Heimdall Enterprises, Skyridge Inc.)Important tasks have no time frame but are crucial. These tasks should strictly be completed only after the Critical section is taken care of.Useful Negotiate salary raise with your boss or manager Discuss recent survey feedback with your colleagues and come up with a solution to solve ongoing customer crisis Notify management to refill ink cartridges for printer #4Useful tasks are the last stage of the priority list. These tasks should be given the least attention. Complete these at your convenience but before your workday ends.Since your daily tasks change every day, your ability allows you to prioritize at a high rate without compromising any loss of time. An efficient employee is always noticed and rewarded.4. Efficient Leadership Even if you’re an employee today. Being adaptable, allows you to become a better leader should you decide to wear the mantle.A demanding quality for leadership is being open-minded. And one can only be open-minded if they are ready to tackle change and accept opinions that aren’t favorable to their own. In short, adaptiveness.An adaptive leader sets the example for their coworkers and guides them as a role model.According to an article by ToolsHero, adaptive leadership is broken down into 4 categories.Leading with Empathy Leaders share knowledge and ideas in a group and in turn the group shares their own resources with the team. This allows everyone to communicate with empathy. The leaders reward their employees with incentives and the employees provide their best work in return to the organization.Win-win situationsRevenue g rowth is the last thing on an adaptive leader’s mindset. This type of leader is more focused on creating a winning environment for everyone â€" the stakeholders, clients, employees, and their own.New Approaches As we’ve discussed throughout this article, new directions are something an adaptive leader possesses. The leader infuses their team with a range of opportunities and isn’t afraid of changing their traditional procedures to match.Experimentation It’s no surprise that with adaptation, comes unfamiliar turf. An adaptive leader must navigate their way through the swamp of uncertainty to achieve success. Most times an experimental strategy ends with disappointment but when the strategy proves to be a winner, the leader enjoys unparalleled success.Natalie Fratto demonstrates how to measure and improve your inner adaptability. HOW ADAPTABLE ARE YOU? TAKE THIS QUIZ TO FIND OUTIf there was a way to measure your adaptive rating, you’re probably left wondering â€" Just how ad aptable you are compared to your coworkers?Fret not, we’ve prepared a quiz that gives you a basic understanding of how flexible you are.Answer the following questions to the best of your knowledge and truthfully to receive an accurate analysis at the end.1. ‘People are evil, and I hate socializing’.How true is this statement?Very TrueSometimes but not alwaysFalse. I think people are important to talk to2. Your company has recently rolled out a new training program for its employees.Your thoughts?What a pain in the….I guess at some point someone had to do somethingFinally! Just when I was getting bored with coming to work3. ‘I am not afraid to jump ship if my company decides to change its work culture’.Does this statement ring a bell to your beliefs?Nah. I don’t care about work culture; I just hate the whole process of shifting to a new job.It depends on the new work culture. If I like it, I’ll stay or it’s the highway.Work culture defines the company’s personalit y. Changing it complicates everything and I wont stand for such companies.4. A recruit just joined your workplace. He comes to you with the following statement. ‘Hello, my name is Carl, I’m new in sales. Can you take the time to show me the basics?’.Your response to this would be?“Hey Carl. No hard feelings but I am not the right guy to help you out. Claire Sasha in Networking is more than happy to show you around.”“Nice to meet you, Carl. I am currently under a lot of work pressure to help. Maybe next week?”“Glad to have you here, Carl. It’s my pleasure to show you the ropes. Let’s start with the office tour first.”5. ‘On your way to work, you discover that your daily route is diverted due to construction.’ How do you express your feelings?Hurl the juiciest expletives at the construction workers and give them a piece of your mind. After all, they are the reason you are late to work!“What if I lose my way and end up being kidnapped by a hostile tribe by taking a new unfamiliar route?”“Wow! The new route is so much better than the old one. I’m glad I got a chance to try it with the road being closed and all.”That wraps up the questionnaire. Wasn’t so bad now, was it?Now let’s see how you fared.Mostly A’s. Life isn’t appealing to you, not with the constant changes happening around you. You’re not open to adaptability and while being old-fashioned has its nostalgic joys, you’ll have a tough time adjusting to modern work ethics and their requirements. Adaptability is strictly recommended.Mostly B’s. You do your best to survive. You’re open to the concept of adaptability but don’t fully embrace it either. You enjoy the same routine while other times, the decade-old wall paint in your workplace begins to annoy you.Mostly C’s. If you were a color, you’d be the rainbow. You are extremely adaptable and take in every change with a smile on your face. You don’t just accept change, you desire it. You’re a w elcome breath of fresh air for every company that is lucky to have you. Great job!CONCLUSIONAn anxious hunter always misses his mark due to the presence of doubt, while an adaptable hunter takes home the prized hunt of the day.Which one would you prefer to be today?Adaptability is the vaccination against a repetitive lifestyle. And change is here to stay.Was there a challenging decision that you took that changed your life for the better? Do share it with us in the comments below.

Prison Reform The United States - 2438 Words

Michael Wilson Palo Alto University SOCI300 Prison Reform in the United States Prison reform. What does it mean and why is it necessary? To answer these questions we must look at a number of interrelated social areas. These include the motivations for and against prison reform, and where they come from. To this end, we must explore the American political system, public perception, prisoner rights, disenfranchisement among parolees, the social justice movement, and efforts to lower recidivism among convicted felons. As seen throughout the history of the United States, there has always been a degree of exploitation by politicians in regards to crime that is meant to direct public attention and unease. Over the last four and a half decades the U.S. prison population has grown to more than six times it’s former size. Socially speaking, the impact on certain social groups within the U.S. population cannot be overstated (Gottschalk, 2009). The idea of prison reform is somewhat interwoven with the idea of criminal recidivism. In the case of violent crime, the prison reform agenda often meets resistance in the form of public opinion, and because of this both those incarcerated and their victims continue to suffer. Lack of reform within America’s prisons is thought by some to perpetuate a cycle of crime, harming both the perpetuators and their victims. Since the 1970s the United States has seen a surge in growing population rates within prisons, significantly greater sentencing,Show MoreRelatedPrison Reform in the United States of America1318 Words   |  6 PagesPrison Reform in The United States of America â€Å"It is said that no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens, but its lowest ones† (Nelson Mandela, 1994). The United States of America has more people behind bars than any other country on the planet. The prisons are at over double capacity. It cost a lot of money to house prisoners each year. A large number of the prisoners are there because of drug related offensesRead MorePrison Reform During The United States1456 Words   |  6 PagesAshlyn Frazier Taylor English IV October 20, 2015 Prison Reform in America For many years now, the criminal justice system has become stricter, causing more and more people to be arrested and sentenced to prison. As prisons become more occupied, the living conditions, health, and treatment of prisoners starts to deteriorate, which has become a trend over the last few decades. However, President Obama has noticed this prison environment and has taken a stand in saying that something needs to be doneRead MoreReform, Means Improvement : Prison Reform Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesReform, means improvement. Prison reform, means the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, establishing a more effective penal system, or implement alternatives to incarceration. The penal system is part of the larger criminal justice system. Prison reformation, is not just about the justice system or the criminal justice system. They all have a different meaning, but, in all, they do involve with the same concepts, expectations, and ways of doing things because it deals with community, societyRead MorePrison Reform Is Not The Best Option For Punishing Criminals Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesTo pursuade my audience to belive that prison reform is necessary. I. INTRODUCTION A. Attention Getter: It is estimated that there are about 2.2 million offenders in U.S. prisons. That is larger than some samllers nation’s whole population. B. Credibility Statement: I have done exstensive research on prison reform, and I have wirtten a paper on it. I have also taken a class on the prison system. C. Audience Relevence: It is important to be aware of how our countries correctional system is runRead MoreSolitary Confinement Is The Violation Of Rights Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pagesirreversible effects. The United Nations, established following the end of World War II, attempted to form universal standards of human rights that would force accountability for each country. This charter was in direct response to the heinous crimes against targeted groups, especially those that were placed in concentration camps. While the U.N. does not specifically mention prisoners, it is clear that everyone is viewed as equal under the law (The United Nations, 1945). In 1948, the United Nations producedRead MorePros And Cons Of Solitary Confinement1001 Words   |  5 PagesOver the last couple of decades, prison systems have adopted the use of solitary confinement as a means of punishment and have progressively depended on it to help maintain obedience and discipline inside the prison structure . Solitary confinement is a form of incarceration in which a prisoner is isolated in a cell for multiple hours, days, or weeks with limited to no human contact. According to the American Civil Liberties Union, the United States represents only 5% of the worlds population yetRead MoreA Step Towards Democracy: The Jacksonain Era848 Words   |  4 Pageswere filled with reforms ranging from political reforms to religious reforms. This era is commonly known as the Jacksonian Era. Prior to the Jacksonian Era, the early 19th century was classified to be a period of extreme instability. The Jacksonian Era involved many new ideas such as King Mob, the spoils system, expansion towards the West, and the Bank War. These characteristics of the Jacksonian Era brought stability and set a foundation for which its people could start reform movements. Even thoughRead MoreThe American Penal System : The United States Essay1705 Words   |  7 Pages That is where prisons come into play. When a pers on commits a crime, he or she might stay in a prison while awaiting trial and might also stay in a prison as a punishment if that trial does not end in his or her favor. According to The Sentencing Project, as of 2015, the United States’ rate of incarceration was the highest in the world, standing at 698 people per 100,000 people. That means that nearly 2.3 million people in 2015 were behind bars. Because of this, the United States penal system needsRead MoreThe Sentencing Reform Act Of 19841526 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sentencing Reform Act is associated with the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984, were the U.S. federal statute increased the consistency in the United States federal sentencing. The Sentencing Reform Act created the United States Sentencing Commission. This act allowed the independent commission into the judicial branch of the United States Sentencing Commission. It consists of seven voting members and one nonvoting member. For the sake of the United S tates Sentencing Commission, thereRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline1232 Words   |  5 Pagestime, the United States has only 5 percent of the world s population, but holds 25 percent of the world s prisoners, this is costing the country approximately $80 billion dollars per year. B. Tie to Audience: From your point of view, you might think that keeping all the law violators behind bars is a positive thing because it enhances public safety, but you should take a look on how incarcerating people impacts families and the nation’s economy. C. Preview and Thesis: We, the United States of America

A Brief Note On Environmental Racism Of Los Angeles

Mihaela D. Vincze 07/15/15 Davidson Geog 350 Environmental Racism in Los Angeles Racism consists of philosophies and ideologies that aim to cause the unequal distribution of privileges, goods or rights amongst different racial groups. Our society’s forebearers planted the seeds of discrimination into our consciousness, as racism stems back into the middle ages. Many of our citizens are classified as second class, being disadvantaged in areas that other citizens are not. There is not a sense of urgency when discussing the continuing issue of racism, as many people believe it has been eradicated. However, racism can exist in many forms- some being less obvious than others. In particular, Los Angeles has had a long history of racial†¦show more content†¦Warren County became a token of a new philosophy called environmental racism as people of low socioeconomic status and people of color were victims to ecological risks (Mohai 2009). This superiority complex is a continuing issue and is ingrained in the way people treat each other today. Racism stems back into the middle ages. During the Renaissance period, Europeans were coming into contact with people of darker pigmentation in Asia, the Americas and Africa. These Europeans were making judgments about these darker people since they weren’t used to such appearances. Ultimately, they justified their rationale for enslaving Africans due to their disbelief of god. They were thought of as heathens, and this offended them. Slave owners and slave traders sometimes interpreted a passage in the book of Genesis as their justification. Even during the Enlightenment period that paved the way for great scientific innovations had many defenders of racism. They believed that races constituted different species- some being superior to others, (Fredrickson 2003) The Environmental Protection Agency defined environmental justice as the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. People shouldn’t be grouped in communities based off

Abdul Basit Free Essays

string(85) " its clients rather than focusing on organizing employees around specific resources\." Introduction McShane and Von Glinow state that â€Å"the best organizational structure depends on the organization’s external environment, size, technology, and strategy† (409). To identify the best organizational structure for Protege Engineering, I will first determine what ‘Organizational Structure’ means. In a second step I will analyze its elements and carve out the important components for the considered organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Abdul Basit or any similar topic only for you Order Now Finally I will provide a conclusion and recommendation. Organizational Structures In general, organizational structure is related to the way that an organization organizes employees and jobs, so that its work can be performed and its goals can be met. McShane and Von Glinow define ‘Organizational Structure’ in more detail; they state that organizational structure â€Å"refers to the division of labor as well as the patterns of coordination, communication, workflow, and formal power that direct organizational activities† (386). To understand what this means we will have a look at each component. The division of labor is related to the â€Å"subdivision of work into separate jobs assigned to different people† (McShane and Von Glinow 386). The patterns of coordination refer to the coordinating of work activities between the employees where they divide work among themselves. This process requires coordinating mechanism to ensure the workflow, which means that everyone works in concert (McShane and Von Glinow 386). The primary means of coordination are informal communication which involves â€Å"sharing information on mutual tasks and forming common mental models to synchronize work activities†, Formal hierarchy which refers to the â€Å"assigning legitimate power to individuals, who then use this power to direct work processes and allocate resources†, and Standardization which involves the â€Å"creating routine patterns of behavior or output† (McShane and Von Glinow 387). We can admit that informal communication is necessary in no routine and ambiguous situations because employees can exchange large volume of information through face-to-face communication and other media-rich channels. Therefore informal communication is important for Protege Engineering because their work involve new and novel situations when developing specific solutions for each client. Even if informal communication is difficult in large firms it can be possible when keeping each production site small (McShane and Von Glinow 388). Now, that we identified what organizational structure means, and that informal communication is necessary for Protege Engineering, we need some more information of how structures differ from each other. McShane and Von Glinow state that â€Å"every company is configured in terms of four basic elements of organizational structure†; namely: span of control, centralization, formalization, and departmentalization (390). Further on, I will explain these four elements and carve out what this means for Protege Engineering. The span of control â€Å"refers to the number of people directly reporting to the next level hierarchy† (McShane and Von Glinow 390). Today’s research found out that a wider span of control (many employee directly reporting to the management) is more appropriate especially for companies with staff members that coordinate their work mainly through standardized skills and do not require close supervision – like the highly skilled employees of Protege Engineering (McShane and Von Glinow 390-391). However, McShane and Von Glinow also state that a wider span of control is possible when employees have routine jobs and a narrow span of control when people perform novel jobs. This statement is based on the need for frequent direction and supervision. Another influence on the span of control is the degree of interdependence among employees. Employees that perform highly interdependent work with one another need a narrow span of control because they tend to have more conflicts with one another. I assume that the employees working for Protege Engineering do not require close supervision because they are highly educated – have university degrees in these fields and a few have doctorates; therefore, a wider span of control allows the employees to work in self-directed teams that coordinate mainly through informal communication and formal hierarchy plays a minor role (McShane and Von Glinow 390-391). Centralization â€Å"occurs when formal decision authority is held by a small group of people† (McShane and Von Glinow 393). Companies often decentralize when they become larger and their environment more complex; however, â€Å"different degrees of decentralization can occur simultaneously in different party of the organization†. In my opinion, the power of decision-making should be decentralized in the considered company because the mentioned projects demand highly specialized knowledge, which cannot be provided by the head of the organization. Formalization â€Å"is the degree to which organizations standardize behavior through rules, procedures, formal training, and related mechanism† (McShane and Von Glinow 393). Usually larger organizations tend to have more formalization because â€Å"direct supervision and informal communication among employees do not operate easily when larger numbers of people are involved†. Notwithstanding that Protege Engineering employs about 600 individuals, I assume that a high degree of formalization is not appropriate because their jobs cannot be standardized, every project is customized to the client and has therefore novel and new components. Another evidence against formalization is, that formalization tends to â€Å"reduce organizational flexibility, organizational learning, creativity and job satisfaction†, which the employees of Protege Engineering definitely need (McShane and Von Glinow 409). Regarding the first three elements of organizational structure we can admit that Protege Engineering should have an organic structure because organizations with â€Å"organic structures operate with a wide span of control, decentralized decision making, and little formalization† (McShane and Von Glinow 395). This structure works well in dynamic environments because they are very flexible to change, more compatible with organizational learning, high performance workplaces, and â€Å"quality management because they emphasize information sharing and an empowered workforce rather than hierarchy and status† (McShane and Von Glinow 395). Departmentalization â€Å"specifies how employees and their activities are grouped together† like presented in an organizational chart of the organization (McShane and Von Glinow 395). A functional structure organizes organizational members around specific knowledge or other resources, which enhances specialization and direct supervision; however, functional structure weakens the focus on the client or product (McShane and Von Glinow 396-397). A functional structure would not support Protege Engineering because the success of this company highly depends on especially developed products for its clients; therefore, this organization should focus on the satisfaction of its clients rather than focusing on organizing employees around specific resources. You read "Abdul Basit" in category "Papers" A divisional structure organizes groups of employees around geographic areas, clients or products in very flat team-based structures with low formalization. This structure seems to be very appropriate for Protege Engineering because it focuses employee’s attention on products or clients and self-directed teams with low formalization. However, there are some disadvantages that need to be considered, like duplicating resources and creating silos of knowledge. Conclusion and Recommendation In the introduction I stated that the best organizational structure depends on the organization’s external environment, size, technology, and strategy. We found out that Protege Engineering should have an organic organizational structure because a wide span of control, decentralized decision-making, and little formalization will organizes employees and jobs so that Protege Engineering work can best be performed and its goals can best be met. Furthermore, McShane and Von Glinow give the advice that â€Å"corporate leader should formulate and implement strategies that shape both characteristics of the contingencies as well as the organization’s resulting structure† (409). This advice is very valuable because the structure of an organization should follow its strategy and not vice versa. . Many organizations think that they integrate organizational cultures when merging or acquiring other companies. Explain what does integrating organizational cultures means? Under what conditions is this strategy most likely to succeed? Case 6: Merging Organizational Cultures Introduction Every organization has its own culture. According to McShane and Von Glinow organizational culture stands for â€Å"the values and assumptions shared within an organization† (416). When companies are merging with, or acquiring, other companies the likelihood is very high that the organizational cultures differ from each other. To avoid that the new company ends up with two different cultures, there need to be any kind of integrating organizational cultures. First I will explain what integrating organizational cultures means and second I will present the conditions under which this strategy is most likely to succeed. Finally, I will provide a conclusion and recommendation. Merging Organizational Culture The necessity of merging organizational cultures becomes clear when regarding that failures to coordinate activity, based on cultural conflict, contribute to the widespread failure of corporate mergers (Weber and Camerer 412). Differences in culture in an organization lead to consistent decreased performance for both employees after the merger, and there is an evidence of conflict from the differences in culture, which could be a possible source for the high turnover rate following mergers (Weber and Camerer 412). McShane and Von Glinow also state that â€Å"most mergers and acquisitions fail in terms of subsequent performance of the merged organization† and that this happens because leaders fail â€Å"to conduct due-diligence of the corporate cultures† (426). At this point, we can admit that some forms of integration may allow companies with different cultures to merge successfully. One strategy in avoiding cultural collisions is to conduct a bicultural audit. A bicultural audit is â€Å"a process of diagnosing cultural relations between companies and determining the extent to which cultural clashes will likely occur† (McShane and Von Glinow 427). The bicultural audit identifies cultural differences and determines those that possibly result in conflict. In addition, it also identifies values that provide a common ground on which cultural foundations can be built. Finally, it identifies strategies and prepares action plans to bring the two merging cultures together (McShane and Von Glinow 427). In some cases the bicultural audit may identify that the two cultures are too different to merge effectively; however, the companies can still form a workable union, if appropriate merger strategies are applied (McShane and Von Glinow 427). Like the following illustration shows, McShane and von Glinow provide four main strategies to merge different corporate cultures successfully. Figure 4: Strategies for Merging Different Organizational Cultures Source: McShane and Von Glinow 428. The first strategy is Assimilation, which â€Å"occurs when employees at the acquired company willingly embrace the cultural values of the acquiring organization† (McShane and Von Glinow 427). This strategy is most likely to succeed when the employees of the acquired company are looking for improvement because they have a weak, dysfunctional culture and the acquiring company has a strong culture, which is aligned with the external environment (McShane and Von Glinow 427). The second strategy is Deculturation, which means that the acquiring company is â€Å"imposing their culture and business practices on the acquired organization† (McShane and von Glinow 428). However, this strategy rarely works because employees usually resist organizational change, especially regarding personal and cultural values. Sometimes deculturation may be necessary; for example, when the culture of the acquired company does not work effectively (McShane and von Glinow 428). The third strategy – and the strategy which the given case is asking for – is the Integration Strategy. This strategy is a combination of â€Å"the two or more cultures into a new composite culture that preserves the best features of the previous cultures† (McShane and Von Glinow 428). That sounds like a good compromise, but the integration strategy is â€Å"slow and potentially risky because there are many forces preserving the existing cultures† (McShane and Von Glinow 428). McShane and Von Glinow also state that â€Å"mergers typically suffer when organizations with significantly divergent corporate cultures merge into a single entity with a high degree of integration† (McShane and Von Glinow 427). This strategy works best when both sides can benefit from an integration strategy; for example, when the existing cultures of both companies are not optimal and could use some improvements. The negative aspects of the integration strategy – for example being very time-consuming – result from the employees being resistant to changes, or ambiguous rules which are also a source of conflict and often occur during mergers and acquisitions (McShane and Von Glinow 335). However, the integration strategy, which is the most effective combination of all existing cultures, is most likely to succeed when the â€Å"existing cultures can be improved† and members of the organization â€Å"are motivated to adopt a new set of dominant values† (McShane and Von Glinow 428). The fourth strategy is separation, which â€Å"occurs when the merging companies agree to remain distinct entities with minimal exchange of culture or organizational practices† (McShane and Von Glinow 428). This strategy is most suitable when the merging organizations operate in different industries or countries because cultures differ between industries and countries (McShane and Von Glinow 428). Conclusion and Recommendation The integration process of merging companies is a combination of the existing cultures into a new culture that maintains the best features of the previous cultures, and it is most likely to succeed when existing cultures already need improvement so that employees are motivated to accept change. This strategy is particularly challenging when the members of the organization are satisfied with their previous culture because they will be resistant to change. Another very important factor for the success of mergers is the level of commitments made by the employees. Therefore, employees should be brought into the process as early as possible (Badrtalei and Bates 314). How to cite Abdul Basit, Papers

A Portrait of The Artist Essay Example For Students

A Portrait of The Artist Essay Portrait of The ArtistA Portrait of The Artist as a Young Man Stephen, makes the claim that he perceives his identity as being selfcontained and non-contradictory. Being readers we see that this in actuality is almost a direct opposite of how Stephen has been living his life. As his mind jumps from thinking about a life as a man of god then to life as a man who can express his feelings he sees a women on a beach. This passage shows where Stephen attempts to apply his esthetic views. In this, the fourth chapter, Stephen confesses to the director that he has been thinking about becoming a priest. During this he thinks about the power that he could obtain from being part of the churchs clergy. At the end of the meaning however a dark warning that he must think of his decision. you must be quiet sure, Stephen, because it may depend the salvation of your eternal soul. It is almost like the priest had been reading the life of Stephen and knew that he had other worldly wishes. This final comment puts Stephen into mood that would in fact change his mind. During this time when Stephen is leaving the meeting James Joyce uses imagery as before in the novel to compel the reader to think of Stephen the artist. A quartet of young men .. stepping to the agile melody of their leaders concertina. This is where Stephen starts to think of the dull passionless life that awaited him. These troubles lead him into thoughts of the symbols of the church especially that of the Virgin Mary and how they are loosing their slots in his memory. These in turn are being replaced by images of freedom and the ease at which men of his kind can fall. His thinking leads him on a walk that passes by the ocean. In this part of the book is where Stephen tries to apply his esthetic understanding to a girl that he sees at the beach. When he sees her his mind transforms into a painters board where he transforms the girl into a strange and beautiful seabird. When he is describing this it is almost like the true Stephen is let loose and all that he wants to be is before him. He turns and looks away from her after his soul feels joy and he walks in the pure joy of the thing he saw. But then suddenly finds himself unknowing of where he is and how long he had been walking. However he had finally been able to open up to his eyes to the fact that he is not destined to be in the priest hood. This is how the passage shows development of Stephan as a young man and also as an artist. As with other sections of this book another contradiction is made. Right after Stephan decides that he wants to be a priest he turns the tables and finds his true calling to be a artist. I dont however truly believe that he is so much contradicting himself as much as it seems. As in most choices of life a series of events has to be set into motion to achieve a goal. Young catholic children are raised to respect the church and to try to be as close to those that they respect as possible. Young Stephen is not supposed to the man or artist that he wants to be and therefore hasnt been subjected to those surroundings that would let his mind progress in the way it wants to. It takes the image of a women who is almost unreal to set in motion the life of Stephen the Artist.

Life Of Goya Essays - Visual Arts, Arts, Francisco Goya, Fuendetodos

Life of Goya With the coronation of the two Catholic rulers, Ferdinand and Isabella in 1479, the country of Spain slowly began to unite. Piece by piece, the King and Queen recaptured once lost lands and built their empire. In 1516 Carlos V rose to power, establishing the Hapsburg reign. The Hapsburg ruled for nearly two hundred years until the death of Charles II. With him died a Golden Age for Spain that the Catholic rulers established. Spain fell into a time of mass poverty, disorganization, and lackadaisical rule. One force that was structured in Spain was the church. Catholicism was not only a religion in Spain but also a significant influence in society. At the time, however, it did little to improve the conditions. Classes were heavily lopsided. The middle class was almost non-existent, and the upper class monopolized agricultural land. The provinces of Aragon, La Mancha, and Castile were where most of the poverty and depression was concentrated. Costal cities like Cadiz and Madrid were whe re prosperity existed. In the midst of commencing political and aristocratic turmoil, was born one of the most talented and patriotically concerned artists Spain has ever seen. On March 30, 1745 in the rural town of Fuendetodos, Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes was born. He was born poor and at the fall of the Hapsburg Monarchy. Goya's father was the son of a notary, or a small time lawyer, and his mother Dona Gracia Lucientes, was a hidalgo. Hidalgos were the lowest order in Spanish nobility. Goya Pg2 was still a boy when he and his family moved to the city of Saragossa. Saragossa contained more life than the rural city of Fuendetodos. Here he began school, where he barely learned to read and write. After attending elementary school, Francisco went to a Jesuit school or "college". It was here where the foundation of his career was laid. It was recommended that he develop his natural skills in drawing. A local master painter, named Jose Luzan y Martinez, took Goya under his wing. Martinez was a typical third rank painter of that time, but was well respected in the city. Goya began learning to paint the human figure by copying sculptures and molds. The drawing of naked models was forbidden at that time. By this point Goya showed himself as a fine copyist, and able to adapt quickly to other peoples' styles. Goya's first commission was the painting of the church doors at Fuendentodos. This project confirmed his profession. When he saw the painting some 50 years later he exclaimed, " D on't say I painted those!" At age 17 Goya went to test himself in a larger and more demanding area, Madrid. Another individual who had a profound impact on Goya's life and art was Velazquez. Velazquez was a painter of Spain's pride and power ?a superb realist. Although Velazquez had an influence on Goya's artistic style, his art is distinctly different from that of his predecessor. Velazquez's paintings depicted absolute and precise figures. Most of Goya's work, other than portraits, was noticeably distorted. These were times of confusion and despair, which would serve as artistic topics for Goya's work. The other half of his work is strictly his reaction and response to Pg3 surrounding occurrences. Perhaps nobody depicted mortal's thoughts and actions better than Goya. He combined his personal thoughts and the thoughts of the character in the painting so they either contrasted or became one. Goya used this devise of altering human characteristics as a way to undermine politicians and aristocrats without confrontation. A prime example of this is in the portrait of the family of Charles the IV. Charles IV was a Bourbon King who was later deposed by Napoleon. This portrait is at the pivotal point of Goya's career. The public Goya and the private Goya, usually rigidly separated were briefly allowed to merge. As Goya was at the center of the social scene by this point, he was very aware of the history, people and events of his time. He depicts the characters and family members as he sees them, weak, sheltered, and cocky. The clothing and costumes on the people describe their rank in society, however their faces portray a lack of power and character. As

Definition and Examples of Noun (Nominal) Clauses

Definition and Examples of Noun (Nominal) Clauses In English grammar, a noun clause is a  dependent clause that functions as a noun (that is, as a subject, object, or complement) within a sentence. Also known as a nominal clause. Two common types of noun clause in English are that-clauses and wh-clauses: that-clause: I believe that everything happens for a reason.wh-clause: How do I know what I think, until I see what I say? Examples and Observations of Noun Clauses When Mrs. Frederick C. Littles second son arrived, everybody noticed that he was not much bigger than a mouse. (E.B. White, Stuart Little, 1945)What I like doing most of all in the evenings, these days, is sitting in a gormless stupor in front of the television, eating chocolate.  (Jeremy Clarkson, The World According to Clarkson. Penguin Books, 2005)A university is what a college becomes when the faculty loses interest in students. (John Ciardi, Saturday Review, 1966)I know that there are things that never have been funny, and never will be. And I know that ridicule may be a shield, but it is not a weapon.  (Dorothy Parker)I believe that there is a subtle magnetism in Nature, which, if we unconsciously yield to it, will direct us aright.  (Henry David Thoreau, Walking)The thought of stars contributed to the power of his feeling. What moved him was a sense of those worlds around us, our knowledge however imperfect of their nature, our sense of their possessing some grain of our past and of our lives to come.  (John Cheever, Oh What a Paradise It Seems. Random House, 1982) Whoever was the person behind Stonehenge was one dickens of a motivator, Ill tell you that. (Bill Bryson, Notes From a Small Island. Doubleday, 1995)How we remember, what we remember, and why we remember form the most personal map of our individuality.  (Christina Baldwin)How people knew when they were being trailed he found himself unable to imagine. (Edmund Crispin [Robert Bruce Montgomery], Holy Disorders, 1945)This is the story of what a Womans patience can endure, and of what a Mans resolution can achieve. (Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White, 1859)I knew exactly how clouds drifted on a July afternoon, what rain tasted like, how ladybugs preened and caterpillars rippled, what it felt like to sit inside a bush.† (Bill Bryson, The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid. Broadway Books, 2006)That dogs, low-comedy confederates of small children and ragged bachelors, should have turned into an emblem of having made it to the middle class- like the hibachi, like golf clubs and a second car- seems at the very least incongruous. (Edward Hoagland, Dogs, and the Tug of Life) Nominal Clauses as Direct Objects All sentences, then, are clauses, but not all clauses are sentences. In the following sentences, for example, the direct object slot contains a clause rather than a noun phrase. These are examples of nominal clauses (sometimes called noun clauses):​I know that the students studied their assignment.I wonder what is making Tracy so unhappy.These nominal clauses are examples of dependent clauses- in contrast to independent clauses, those clauses that function as complete sentences.(Martha Kolln and Robert Funk, Understanding English Grammar, 5th ed., Allyn and Bacon, 1998)A Colorado study found that the average homeless person cost the state forty-three thousand dollars a year, while housing that person would cost just seventeen thousand dollars. (James Surowiecki, Home Free? The New Yorker, September 22, 2014) Noun-Clause Starters We use various words to start noun clauses. . . .These words include the word that, which in its role as a noun clause starter is not a relative pronoun, for it serves no grammatical role in the clause; it just starts the clause. For example: The committee stated that it would follow the agents policy. Here the noun clause serves the noun role of direct object of the transitive verb stated. But a careful look at the clause reveals that the word that does not serve any role within the clause, other than simply to get it going.Other noun clause starters do serve grammatical roles within the clause. For example: We know who caused all the trouble. Here the noun clause starter is the relative pronoun who. Notice that inside the noun clause who serves as the grammatical subject of the verb caused.Additional words serve as noun clause starters. A relative adverb can get one going: How he won the election mystified the pundits. So can a relative pronoun acting as an adjective: We know which career she will pursue. In these two sentences, how is an adverb modifying the verb won, and which is a relative-pronoun-adjective modifying the noun career.(C. Edward Good, A Grammar Book for You and IOops, Me!  Capital Books, 2002) I have run,I have crawled,I have scaled these city walls,These city wallsOnly to be with you,Only to be with you.But I still havent found what Im looking for.(written and performed by U2, I Still Havent Found What Im Looking For. The Joshua Tree, 1987)

COMMUNITY POLICING Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

COMMUNITY POLICING - Term Paper Example of partner in community policing, application of window broken approach in community policing and relation of community policing and the Chicago department of police. Community policing is used to decrease the increasing rate of crime with the help of people. Community policing is also known as neighborhood policing. It highlights one important idea that it can reduce the crime by demanding the active involvement of people in the process of detectiing a crime. It addresses the issues of crime in the society, the fear of people about the crime, criminals and vandals in the society, problems and issues taking place where the attention of the police is not reached. This notion is designed to work with the use of organizational strategies making sure the involvement of people in a systematic way and by the use of problem solving techniques. Therefore it can address the immediate problems of society and will help to keep the social order in the desired way. Over the last twenty five years, the notion of community policing has been evolving and it has grabbed the attention of the state government in America. The violent crime control and Law enforcement was enacted in the United States in 1994 and it ordered to create a community police who are supposed to work in the community areas encouraging the involvement of people in that particular area to reduce crime and bring social order and harmony. â€Å"In addition, a new agency, the Office of Community Oriented Police Services (COPS), was created to carry out this mission, and to administer extensive funding and implementation of community policing programs across the country. According to the latest estimates, community policing is widespread, with approximately 80 percent of larger municipal and county police departments employing an average of twenty or more community policing officers.† (Willis). â€Å"A community policing concept paper is created with a vision statement definition of community policing, an outline of

World Health Organization Ebola and Leishmaniasis Essay - 1

World Health Organization Ebola and Leishmaniasis - Essay Example 2, par. 2); least prevalent and least widespread is the Ebola, which since its discovery in 1976, has registered 1850 number of cases with 1200 deaths in Africa (Congo, Sudan, Uganda, Gabon), America (Virginia, Texas, and Pennsylvania) and Italy (WHO, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, sec. 8). These diseases are all acquired in an unclean environment, as they are caused either by bacteria, viruses, or parasites which live in unclean surroundings and thrive on humans and animals in order to reproduce (Zamora, par. 1). The causing organism for Ebola is ebola virus (WHO, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, sec. 1, par. 3), for Hepatitis B is hepatitis B virus (WHO, Hepatitis B, sec. 1, par. 1), and leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasite belonging to leishmania (WHO, Leishmaniasis, sec. 1, par. 2). These diseases spread easily primarily through person-to-person mode: Direct contact with the infected person’s blood, body fluids and secretions through unsafe injection practices, blood transfusion, sexual contact, and close interpersonal contact in the case of childhood infections. (WHO, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, sec. 5-6; WHO, Hepatitis B, sec. 5) These diseases are preventable by reducing harmful levels of these micro-organisms around the environment simply by having a clean environment to deny them a place to thrive in and by practising clean hygiene and sterilization to avoid transmission. However once infected, these infectious diseases are all dangerously harmful, especially so that except for Hepatitis B, there are no vaccines yet for Ebola and Leishmaniasis; worst, except for Leishmaniasis which can be treated with medicines called antimony-containing compounds (Dugdale, par. 9-10) and chronic Hepatitis B which can be treated with drugs, there are no specific treatment yet for Ebola and acute Hepatitis B (WHO, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, sec. 5, par. 2; WHO, Hepatitis B, sec.

Abdullah Badawi’s Effect on Political Economy

Abdullah Badawi’s Effect on Political Economy 1.0 INTRODUCTION Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, the fifth Malaysia’s Prime Minister (2003-2009), was born on 26th November, 1939 in Kampung Perlis, Bayan Lepas. He was greatly influenced by his family religious background and further strengthened it through the subject of Islamic Studies in Universiti Malaya, and graduated in 1964. After he was graduated from Universiti Malaya, Abdullah was working as a civil servant, including Assistant Secretary in the Public Services Department and Head Assistant Secretary in the National Operation Council (NOC) (Welsh, 2003). At that time, he also was also being a Director in the Ministry of Youth and Sports; and since 1974, Deputy Chief Secretary in the same ministry. In 1978, Abdullah resigned in the civil service and had been elected as the candidate for Kepala Batas Parliament seat For the year 1978-1987, Abdullah has won the 1978 elections for the Kepala Batas Parliament seat (Sivamurugan Rusdi Omar Mohd Azizuddin, 2010). He was then elected as Parliamentary Secretary and Deputy Minister in the Federal Territory Ministry. He was also been Minister in Prime Minister’s Department (1981-1984), Minister of Education (1984-1986), Minister of Defence (1986-1987). From the year 1987 to 1990, it was climax in Abdullah’s political leadership. The growth of Anwar Ibrahim and the presence of opposition leaders in UMNO had not feared by Abdullah (Sivamurugan Rusdi Omar Mohd Azizuddin, 2010). By this, he finally get the highest position in the party and government. He was trusted by Dr.Mahathir to offer him for involving in 1990 General Elections. He was also elected as the part of Cabinet. The support gained by Abdullah not only particularly on inner support but also because of his inner confidence and strength that had given him a trust by peoples (Sivamurugan Rusdi Omar Mohd Azizuddin, 2010).. Abdullah was served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs during 1991-1999. At that time, Abdullah also succeeded in winning back the UMNO Vice President seat in the 1996 elections after the failure to win Vice President seat in 1993 (Case, n.d). He gained the Dr. Mahathir’s trust and was finally elected as the UMNO Deputy President in 1999 and Deputy Prime Minister, the fourth under the leadership of Dr. Mahathir. In Jun 2002, Dr. Mahathir announced to retire, and announced to the public that he had given trust to Abdullah to be his successor of Prime Minister. The main objective to conduct this case study is to critically examine the political economy throughout his reign of nearly six years. The specific objectives are; firstly, to critically review Abdullah’s political performance by providing the election report between 2003-2009 and figure out the reason why the mass supported him; secondly, to interpret the international economy oil price and its problems; thirdly, to identify issues and challenges during his tenure, whether Abdullah’s political policy affects the Malaysia’s economy or vice versa or both. To complete our research, we will assess the data from books in library, journals articles, newspapers and electric sources to prove whether our argument is valid or not. The research is conducted by 3 members, everyone from each will be divided to collect sources based on their own task. Our finding will dramatically advance our understanding of political economy under the administration of Abdullah. 2.0 LEADERSHIP OF ABDULLAH BADAWI During Abdullah’s premiership, the government policies did not change much. To him, he was presiding over an individual change rather than regime change. Abdullah implemented his promise to address corruption. Abdullah is widely admired for his religious knowledge and credentials, and can confront Islamic radicals (in his own quiet way) while maintaining respect from mainstream society (McCreedy, 2003). Abdullah’s personal style—mild, incremental, consensual—will differ from the fiery tone of his predecessor (Tun Mahathir), and likely improve relations with the West (McCreedy, 2003). Not having as Mahathir aggressive personality as Mahathir had, Abdullah showed an early willingness to listen and work as a team. He attempted to bring economic liberalisation, declared war on corruption, improved governance, and opened up democratic space (Ahmad Fauzi Abdul Hamid Muhammad Takiyuddin Ismail, 2012). To reform policy, he re-attached importance to agriculture, re-emphasized poverty eradication, highlighted human capital development, and shifted focus to regional development which was been practiced by the second Prime Minister, Tun Abdul Razak. Abdullah was so much emphasing on religious and he attempted to establish Islam Hadhari, a progressive approach towards understanding and practising Islam as a modern rather than conservative religion. Thus, Abdullah’s leadership style was soft-personality, but under his premiership, many plans were proved to be more than just declare. 3.0 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY TUN ABDULLAH BADAWI 3.1 The Global Financial Crisis (2008-2009) The global financial crisis (GFC), caused by the bursting of a speculative bubble in the US housing market in 2008, affected the capital flows, trade flows, and commodity prices of the world (Athukorala, 2010). Different countries have been affected differently, depending on the nature of their financial/trade linkages with the rest of the world, the quality of financial institutions and polices. As we will see below, for Malaysia, the financial and economic development had worsened in 2008 and 2009. Our GDP remained declining in the year of 2008, ultimately 0.1% growth of GDP in third quarter of 2008. The GDP felt by approximately 3% in the fourth quarter of 2008, which was also the first time in negative territory since 2001 (figure 1) (World Trade Organization, 2011). From the data interpreting above, we could imagine that during Abdullah Badawi’s premiership, the main challenge affected by global financial crisis was the declining of GDP in Malaysia in 2008 and the exportation of Malaysia declined. 3.2 International Oil Price Crisis The second issue and challenge faced by Abdullah Badawi is international oil price crisis by 2008. The oil price has skyrocketed to levels never predicted by the strategists and economic planners, estimated from USD170 per barrel in end 2008 to USD200 in 2009 (D-8 Secretariat Istanbul, 2008). The increasing of oil price at that time also caused the price of food increased beyond the normal abilities to pay by the poor. Abdullah Badawi (2008) said that the oil price crisis was required global-level solutions, and Malaysia was needed to bring up this issue to international community to resolve together. It is undeniably that the oil price crisis also caused the most urgent challenge facing by Malaysia was the food shortage in the world. As the global oil price increased, the food price also increased, and believed to reach more than 75% since 2000 (D-8 Secretariat Istanbul, 2008). These had threatened to the Malaysia’s economic growth under Abdullah Badawi’s tenure. Thus, the methods that used by Abdullah Badawi to solve the issue were to cut off the government subsidy on fuel (since the increasing of oil price has burdened the government subsidy on fuel) and also suggested to produce or creating alternative sources of energy, such as bio-fuels and agriculture. From Table 1, fuel subsidies had raised from RM2.4bil or 3.8% of total operating expenses (OE) and 0.7% of GDP in 2001 to RM7.3bil in 2006 or 6.8% of total OE and 1.3% GDP (Ministry of Finance, 2008). While in 2007, it rose further to RM8.8bil or 1.4% of GDP (Ministry of Finance, 2008). In estimated 2008, fuel subsidies would escalate to estimate RM15.5bil or 12% of total OE and 2.3% of GDP (table 1) (Ministry of Finance, 2008). From Table 2, the petroleum product subsidy had increased from RM16.0bil in 2005 to RM16.2bil in 2007, but had decreased from 43.7% of total subsidy in 2005 to 37.3% in 2007 (Ministry of Finance, 2008). It could be said that the government had begun to cut off the fuel subsidy due to the increasing of oil price in 2007 but had put more effort on gas price subsidy due to Abdullah Badawi’s recommendation policy on replacing the fuel energy. 4.0 POLITICAL POLICY AFFECTS ECONOMY OR ECONOMY AFFECTS POLITICAL POLICY? During Abdullah Badawi’s tenure, whether his political policy had affected Malaysia’s economy or the economy had affected his political policy? Based on our research, we would critic that during Abdullah Badawi’s era, the economy had affected his politcal policy. We would provide few facts at the following to support our critical analysis. The first fact is, the rising of world oil price to between US90 and US100 a barrel is expected to force Abdullah Badawi administration on reduction in fuel subsidies in 2008. According to Asia Times (2008), the fuel and gas subsidiaries approximately cost US12bil a year. The global oil price crisis had put increasing burdens on the family budgets, especially the middle-income family from developing country. Not only that, the oil price crisis also forced governments to curtail expenditures or reallocate resources for development in order to meet the more immediate needs of societies (D-8 Secretariat Istanbul, 2008). Thus, from our analysis, we could comment that the rising of oil price had affected Abdullah Badawi to reduce or cut off the fuel subsidies policy to societies. However, we could not find any other long-term solutions yet to stabilize the price of oil in the market. Perhaps, the reduction on fuel subsidies would be the best alternatives for controlling the government exp enditures. However, Abdullah Badawi’s reduction fuel subsidiary policy had been implemented until today. It could be proven by Malaysian government now (Najib Razak’s era) is following Abdullah Badawi’s step to cut fuel subsidy on ron95 fuel (Athukorala, 2010). In our opinion, there are pros and cons on abolishing fuel subsidy in Malaysia. The pros definitely would be the Malaysia takes advantages of falling global oil price and reduce the burden of government. If cut off fuel subsidy be implemented, the oil price would be followed international oil price, thus, if global oil price reduces, then Malaysia would pay lesser to import oil (McAleavey, 2014). Moreover, abolishing fuel subsidy could benefits government because government could save up the money to use it on other field of subsidiaries. The con on abolishing fuel subsidy in Malaysia would be widen the wealth gap issues. Dismissing fuel subsidy would be benefited to high-income households instead of protecting the l ow-income workers (Palatino, 2014). Nevertheless, in our point of view, if the reduction on fuel subsidy policy would be announced and get opinion from the societies first, it would be more beneficial to both societies and government to achieve a win-win situation. The second fact that we could provide to prove that the economy had affected Abdullah Badawi’s policy is the recommendation on Bio-Fuel Policy in 2006 (D-8 Secretariat Istanbul, 2008) by Abdullah Badawi as a renewable sources of energy to encounter the increasing of oil price issue. The goal to implement this policy is to promote the use of bio fuels as an alternative to petroleum in Malaysia. Examples of bio-fuel or bio-gas could be natural gas vehicles (NGV). Based on our finding, National Biofuel Policy (NBP) provided an alternative to reduce the dependency on petroleum in Malaysia. Palm oil is used as the alternative resource to replace the depleting petroleum as it is more environmental friendly and it could produce investments for it value added-finished products. Oil palm is an energy-efficient crop and the adoption of renewable energy resources started as the crisis of increasing oil price and depletion of crude oil reserve. Palm oil contribute the largest part in Malaysia’s economic. NBP was being launched to sustain the economic growth. Few objectives were formulated to mobilize the local resources for biofuel production and explore new technology to generate energy as an alternative resources (table 2). In 2009, the use of B5 blends (Envo Diesel) of 5% diesel biofuels and 95% petroleum diesel was introduced (Majid, 2015). This was to create an environmental friendly and renewable energy resources. The use of biofuel is definitely a great idea yet the usage of diesel biofuel in Malaysia is still low. Moreover, diesel engined-vehicles is more expensive than petrol engined-vehicles. Thus, less people supported the biofuel policy. It is in fact that until today, the Najib Razak’s era, this policy was not implemented yet in Malaysia. The current prime minister could only implement the reduction of fuel subsidy policy, instead of carrying up the bio-fuel policy. Based on our research, there are a few weakness of this National Biofuel Policy which launched by Datuk Sri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi in 2006. Ccsenet.org (2011) mentioned that the weakness of this policy is that the demand from market is small. There is only few diesel users compare to petrol users. Thus, the biofuel policy only benefits some of the populations. Figure 2 shows the difference of energy consumption between petroleum products and biodiesel in Malaysia. The minuscule domestic market could not gain much profits and supports from the people and lastly would fail to reach the objectives of the policy. Besides that, the biofuel infrastructure which could fulfill the basis of nation was not sufficient. People might feel interested and wish to try something which is new and environmentally friendly yet the lack of infrastructure had made the policy unsuccessful. According to Phys.Org (2009), 16 biofuel plants were built but due to low price of biofuel was not being operated. The infrastructure that being built was wasted and made the people feel not confident with the good side of biofuel. The lack of market opportunities of biofuel had also lead to the failure of this policy. Development of biofuel always related to the rain forest deforestation which lead to biodiversity loss. Malaysia has chosen a solution of land-clearing to get plant oil-palm for biodiesel. Climate changes and global warming had become the issue in few conferences and lead to the failure of this policy. Resources and skilled workers and research were not fully utilized to conduct the policy. Thus, National Biofuel Policy is indeed a good policy if we have sufficient manpower, resources and technology intelligence to make it successful and increase the nation’s economic growth. However, the lack of skilled labour and technology and high dependency towards petroleum had caused the implementation of the mandate of B5 biodiesel sale to be delayed in February 2010. 5.0 CONCLUSION The difference in Abdullah Badawi’s leadership style with his predecessor brings about cause for some to consider it as a weakness and loss of control (Utusan Malaysia, 19 September 2006). Under his tenureship, Malaysia had experienced two big challenges, which are the global financial crisis and international oil price crisis during 2008-2009. These two challenges yet never came into a long-term solutions to solve these issues until today. Therefore, in our opinion, the international oil crisis, cut off subsidiaries on oil and increased of oil prices in Malaysia perhaps are the reasons to let him lose his mass support on general election in 2008. REFERENCES Welsh, B. (2003). Malaysias transition: Elite contestation, political dilemmas and incremental change. Washington, D.C: Asia Program Special Report. Sivamurugan, P., Rusdi Omar., Mohd Azizuddin. (2010). Work with Me, Not for Me†: Malaysia under Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (2003-2009). Asian Culture and History, Volume 2, Issue 1. Case, W. (n.d). Abdullah Badawi’s first year as Malaysia’s Prime Minister. Austrialia: Griffith Asia Institute. McCreedy, A. (2003). Passing the mantle: A new leadership for Malaysia. Washington, D.C: Asia Program Special Report. Welsh, B. (2003). Malaysias transition: Elite contestation, political dilemmas and incremental change. Washington, D.C: Asia Program Special Report. Welsh, B. (2003). Malaysias transition: Elite contestation, political dilemmas and incremental change. Washington, D.C: Asia Program Special Report. Welsh, B. (2003). Malaysias transition: Elite contestation, political dilemmas and incremental change. Washington, D.C: Asia Program Special Report. http://www.energyglobal.com/downstream/refining/30102014/Malaysia-reduces-fuel-prices-1527/ http://thediplomat.com/2014/10/why-malaysia-reduced-its-fuel-subsidy/ http://www.twn.my/title2/ge/ge26.pdf APPENDIXES Figure 1: Real GDP and trade growth of Malaysia, 2008-10 Source: World Trade Organization, 2011. https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres11_e/pr628_e.htm Figure 2: The Difference of Energy Consumption between Petroleum Products and Biodiesel in Malaysia. Source: National Energy Balance 2012 (Retrieved from Malaysia Energy Statistic Handbook, 2014) Table 1: Malaysia’s Fuel Subsidies 2001-08 Table 2: Malaysia’s Subsidies and Financial Assistance (RM bil) 2005-07 Source: Ministry of Finance, Bank Negara, Department of Information, Malaysia CIMB/GK Research, 2008.

“A Rose for Emily”: Emily Grierson Essay

Emily Grierson from William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† couldn’t accept death; she just could not believe it when those around her, particularly her loved ones, passed away. Emily’s denial of death has many causes and consequences. When her father died, it took three days and the intervention of the people of Jefferson for her to give up the body because she refused to believe he was dead. When the townspeople attempted to offer their condolences to Emily, as Faulkner says, â€Å"she told them her father was not dead. † After she murdered Homer to keep him near her, she didn’t, in her life accept his death and continued to have unnatural relations with his lifeless corpse. Even ten years after the death of Colonel Sartoris, she denied his death because she had no concept of the passing of time. She refused to acknowledge the passing of her loved ones; it stands to reason that she would not acknowledge the passing of time. Her ignorance towards the passage of time has a lot to do with her denial of death. When the Board of Alderman visited Emily to ask her to pay taxes, she exemplifies her denial of time by repeating, â€Å"See Colonel Sartoris† despite the fact that he had been dead for many years. Emily didn’t seem to realize just how much time had passed since she had last laid eyes on colonel Sartoris. This was probably mostly caused by the ostracism of the townspeople. Being an outcast from society probably not only made it hard for Emily to keep track of time, but also probably took a toll on her sanity. The isolation wasn’t the only contributing factor toward Emily’s failing mental health. Insanity also ran in her family. She had a great aunt, Old Lady Wyatt who is referred to by Faulkner as having â€Å"finally gone completely out of her mind† and many critics speculate that her father may also have been out of his right mind. Many critics, such as Eric Knickerbocker believe that his relationship with Emily was incestuous. Emily’s genetic insanity was probably the cause of her isolation and her trouble with accepting death. In Emily’s mind, probably also caused by her genetic madness, murder is permissible because she view’s death as an extension of life. In her eyes, she hasn’t done anything wrong. She murdered Homer because he was going to leave her. She wanted to keep her Homer near her forever and he was planning on jilting her. She continued to have unnatural relations with his lifeless corpse, even long after his body had decayed because she didn’t understand or couldn’t accept that Homer was dead. Emily dies alone, in her house that almost no one, except Tobe ever enters. All her life, she was excluded from society, jilted by her only potential groom, plagued with insanity and trapped in her own denial of death. Emily’s entire life was very sad the consequences of her refusal of death were numerous. Faulkner does an excellent job at linking society, death, and insanity in his macabre southern gothic tale of Emily Grierson, a woman who was not right in the head. Works Cited Faulkner, William. â€Å"A Rose for Emily. † American Studies @ The University of Virginia. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. . Faulkner, William. â€Å"A Rose for Emily. † American Studies @ The University of Virginia. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. . Knickerbocker, Eric. â€Å"William Faulkner: The Faded Rose of Emily. † Mr. Renaissance: Spiritual and Philosophic Reflections. 13 Mar. 2003. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. . claims that Emily’s relationship with her father is incestuous.

The Ultimate High School Argumentative Essay Samples Trick

The Ultimate High School Argumentative Essay Samples Trick You may examine the further information on how best to compose an eye-catching essay introduction with a hook. You could also see personal essay. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. To construct an effective argumentative essay, you must follow several critical measures. How can you write an excellent argumentative essay. Whether you cannot decide on topics for argumentative essay, don't understand how to begin, or simply require a good example of a well-structured paper in a particular format, we're always prepared to help! Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectivelythis will provide you an advantage from your classmates. By now you're probably prepared to observe a superb argumentative essay outline template. You need the strong personal opinion on this issue you intend to discuss in your argumentative essay. 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Mandatory Drug Testing Should Be Banned - 1365 Words

Introduction Mandatory drug testing has been and ongoing controversial issue over the most recent years. Mandatory drug testing has been subjected to students, athletes, and employees all over the country. However a lot of speculation has been made whether or not welfare recipients in particular should be subjected to mandatory drug testing. According to Besonen, programs such as welfare were created in the 1930s to temporarily aid struggling Americans to help get them back up on their feet. (Besonen, 2014). Government assistance at that time also offered incredible medical benefits and this is also around time is when the â€Å"war on drugs† was declared. At the height of todays society, it is no longer temporary nor shot term. Some Americans have resorted to a long term dependance on governmental aid by means of survival in todays economy. Welfare Recipients must be held accountable for this â€Å"handout† from the government. Mandatory and random drug testing welfar e recipients would serve its purpose in discouraging drug use in return for government incentive. This research paper will examine several aspects regarding mandatory and random drug testing of welfare recipients. First we will discuss the War on Drugs and how mandatory drug testing welfare recipients can serve within America, its drug addiction problem. Then we will look at mandatory and random drug testing from an economic point of view and decide whether or not the Fourth Amendment should apply. Finally we willShow MoreRelatedSport Enhancement Drugs1667 Words   |  7 Pageschanged drastically over the past 10 years. The use of steroids has risen within that amount of time and it has changed the view of sports and the game itself. As a fan of all sports, it interests me why athletes feel like it’s ok or acceptable to take drugs to enhance their performance on the field of play. 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